Different views about action research

                            Definitions of Action Research

The definitions of Action research given by various experts are given below.

1.   Kurt Lewin- According to him action research is “a comparative research on the conditions and effects of various forms of social action and research leading to social action.”

 

2.   Halsey- “Action research is a small scale intervention in the functioning of the real work and a close examination of the effects of such as intervention.”

         

3.   Corey- “The process by which practitioners attempt to study their problems scientifically in order to guide correct and evaluate their decisions and action is action research.”

          

4.  Mc Rathote and Others:- “Action research is organized, investigative activity aimed towards the

Study and constructive change of a given endeavor by individuals or group concerned with such change and improvement,”

  

5.  Jean McNiff:- “Applied to classrooms, action research is an approach to improving education through change by encouraging teachers to be aware of their own practices to be critical of that practice and to be prepared to change,”

 

6.    Burns:- “Action research is the application of fact finding to practical problem solving ina social situation with a view to improving the quality of action within it, involving collaboration and co-operation of researchers, practitioner sand laymen.”

 7.     Sagore- “Action research is an investigation conducted by a teacher or people empowered 

           to take actions for the purpose of improving future actions.”

 

8.  Kar and Chemis- “Action research is simply a form of self- reflective inquiry undertaken by participants in social situation in order to improve the rationality and justice of their own practice. Their understanding of these practices and the situation which the practices are carried out.”

 

9.   Shringer-Action research is one of the approaches to develop Effective Learning –Teaching (ELT) through reflection is the systematic collection and analysis of data relating to the improvement of professional practice.

 10.   Parsons and Brown- “Action research is a form of investigation designed for use by teachers to attempt to solve problems and improve professional practices in their own  classrooms. It involves systematic observations and data collection which can be then used by the practitioner-researcher in reflection, decision making and the development of more effective classroom strategies.”

11.   Emily Calhoun- “Action Research is a fancy way of saying let's study what's happening at our school and decide how to make it a better place.”

 

12. A. Christine Miller- “Action research is a natural part of teaching. Teachers are continually observing students, collecting data and changing practices to improve student learning and the classroom and school environment. Action research provides a framework that guides the energies of teachers toward a better understanding of why, when, and how student become better learners.”