Action Research-Guidelines

                         Survey Method- History-  Herodotus from Egypt had used survey method in 300bc to study census. This method was used in 11 century to study social problems in England. John Howard had started scientific social survey in England. The modern social survey was started by Paul Kellogg in 1909. Definitions of survey method- 1.        “Survey means critical study,” 2.        “Survey means the study of conditions at specific place.” 3.        “Survey means the critical inspection to collect accurate information.” Survey Method- The survey method is used to collect detailed description of existing phenomena. It is the technique of gathering required data or information by asking questions to people who are having desired data or information. The survey method is a process to collect information in res...

               Case Study- The detailed study of individual, family, group, social institute, or society is case study. The whole lifecycle is studied in case study. A case study is an in-depth study of individual, group, event, institute etc. It is necessary to study each and every aspect of the life of the subject of which the case study is to be studied. The case study involves collection of information or history of the subject and its analysis to draw the conclusion. It is necessary to study the patterns and causes of particular behavior in case study. The soul of this method is to find out the correct reasons behind the particular behavior. Researcher has to take precaution for keeping all the collected information confidential. The information ofCase study can be used in many fields like psychology, medicine, education, anthropology, political science and even social work. A case study can have both strengths and weaknesses. Researcher ha...

        Kurt Lewin’s Model of action research-   Since the late 1930s the field of social psychology and education had shown great interest in action research. The term action research was coined by the social psychologist Kurt Lewin in United States in about 1944.He came to describe the characteristics of action research after a series of practical experiences in early 1940s. He concluded there is no action without research and no research without action. Lewin gave importance to democratic collaboration and participation. According to Lewin the action research does not end till the expected change is obtained in the behavior of the students. The concept of the action research is not static but continuously moving. According to Lewin action research is a cyclic process. It is cyclic. Kurt Lewin is a founder of action research. The roots of modern action research were put forward by John Dewey. John Dewey stated that the conventional scientific research me...

                           Review of related literature- Review of related literature is very important part of the research. The review of related literature is a search and evaluation of the related topic or subject or the area selected. It is survey of the literature of the subject. The researcher faces some problem in her/his carrier rather in teaching profession. Teacher wants to solve the problem on her/ his own. The researcher should have sufficient knowledge and information about the topic or the area to solve the problem. Researcher has to read the books, magazines, journals to gather the required information. Hence it is necessary to review the literature. Similarly it is required to review the dissertation of previous researches to find out whether anybody has faced the same problem in the same topic or in the same area. Review of related dissertation help the researcher to find out the way of that resear...

    Action Research- Action research is an interactive inquiry process. It works in cycle. It starts with planning. Once the planning is done then action or implementation of planning is done. Next step is to observe the effect of the action. The feedback gives us the information about the success of the research. If success is not seen then again the process begins with another action plan. Action research is a good tool for teacher to enhance her/his teaching skills, standard of teaching, standard of students achievement and standard of school. Action research is very useful in education field.   Characteristics of action research- 1.         Action research is an effective process which develops the professional skills of the teacher, enhances his/her teaching standards. 2.        The direction of the action research is from profession to theories or principle. 3.        Action re...

                      Criteria for selection of good problem- Teacher faces many problems in her teaching carrier. She/he has to overcome those problems. Teacher should see the priority of solving the problems. Teacher has to select good problem. There are different criteria for selection of good problem. Teacher as a researcher should see the problem through all the angles. Teacher should use criteria given bellow to select good problem. a.      Capability of the researcher-   Researcher has to find out- 1.       Necessity to solve the problem. 2.       Need of help from others. 3.       Expenditure required for the research work. 4.       Time required for solving the problem. 5.       Availability of the sufficient time for solving problem. 6.    ...